Radiance Research AcademyInternational Journal of Current Research and Review2231-21960975-5241EnglishN2023November10Pharmaceutical SciencesIn Silico Studies of Various Bioactive Phytochemicals Present in Andrographis Paniculata as Potential Antimicrobial Candidates     English0105Meena ChoukseyEnglish Kajaj LalEnglish Shiv Sagar MahapatraEnglish Rashmi GangotriEnglish Divya PujariEnglish Pratibha SahuEnglishMs. Pratibha Sahu, Assistant Professor, Shri Rawatpura Sarkar Institute of Pharmacy, Kumhari, Durg 490042, Chhattisgarh, Indiahttps://doi.org/10.31782/IJMPS.2023.131101Introduction: Andrographis paniculata, commonly known as “King of Bitters,” is a prominent medicinal plant belonging to the Acanthaceae family. It is indigenous to South Asian countries such as India, Sri Lanka, and Thailand, and is widely cultivated in other regions including China and Southeast Asia. The plant is renowned for its bitter taste and has been utilize extensively in traditional medicine systems like Ayurveda, Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM), and Thai medicine for centuries. Materials and Methods: The current research emphasized on exploring the inhibitory perspectives of phytochemicals present in A. paniculata such as andrographolide (1), bis-andrographolide (2), carvacrol (3), eugenol (4), α-guaiene (5), wogonin (6), oroxylin A (7), chlorogenic acid (8), myristic acid (9), caffeic acid (10), hentriacontane (11), triacontane (12), ninandrographolide (13), 14-deoxyandrographolide (14), and neoxyandrographiside (15) against E. coli Topoisomerase-IV co-complexed with inhibitor (PDB ID: 3FV5) by molecular docking approach using the Schrodinger software as anti-bacterial agent by using in-silico approaches with the help of published literature on downregulation of enzyme expression and combining this information in order to recognize drug target [PDB ID: 3FV5; Crystal Structure of E. coli Topoisomerase-IV co-complexed with inhibitor]. Result: The in silico studies revealed that the phytoconstituents successfully inhibited bacterial topoisomerase at varied degree, which suggested plausible utilization as antimicrobial. Conclusion: This leads to the ultimate conclusion inhibiting E. coli topoisomerase-IV is the key to solving all naturally occurring problems, which will aid humanity in overcoming difficult circumstances. EnglishAndrographis paniculata, Antibacterial, Target, Phytochemicals, Inhibition, In silicohttp://ijcrr.com/abstract.php?article_id=239http://ijcrr.com/article_html.php?did=2391. Akbar S. Andrographis paniculata: a review of pharmacological activities and clinical effects. Altern. Med. Rev. 2011;16(1):66- 77. 2. Mishra SK, Sangwan NS, Sangwan RS. Phcog rev.: Plant review Andrographis paniculata (Kalmegh): A review. Pharmacogn. Rev. 2007;1(2):283-98. 3. Dai Y, Chen SR, Chai L, Zhao J, Wang Y, Wang Y. Overview of pharmacological activities of Andrographis paniculata and its major compound andrographolide. Crit. Rev. Food Sci. Nutr. 2019;59(1):S17-29. 4. Nyeem MA, Mannan MA, Nuruzzaman M, Kamrujjaman KM, Das SK. Indigenous king of bitter (Andrographis paniculata): A review. J. Med. Plant Stud. 2017;5(2):318-24. 5. Hossain MS, Urbi Z, Sule A, Rahman KH. Andrographis paniculata (Burm. f.) Wall. ex Nees: a review of ethnobotany, phytochemistry, and pharmacology. Sci. World J. 2014; 2014(1):274905. 6. Worakunphanich W, Thavorncharoensap M, Youngkong S, Thadanipon K, Thakkinstian A. Safety of Andrographis paniculata: A systematic review and meta?analysis. Pharmacoepidemiol. Drug Safety. 2021;30(6):727-39. 7. Asati V, Bajaj S, Mahapatra DK, Bharti SK. Molecular modeling studies of some thiazolidine-2, 4-dione derivatives as 15-PGDH inhibitors. Med. Chem. Res. 2016;25:94-108. 8. Chhajed SS, Chaskar S, Kshirsagar SK, Haldar GA, Mahapatra DK. Rational design and synthesis of some PPAR-γ agonists: Substituted benzylideneamino-benzylidene-thiazolidine-2, 4-diones. Comp. Biol. Chem. 2017; 67:260-5. 9. Joseph TM, Suresh AM, Mahapatra DK, Haponiuk J, Thomas S. The Efficacious Benefit of 25-Hydroxy Vitamin D to Prevent COVID-19: An In-Silico Study Targeting SARS-CoV-2 Spike Protein. Nutrients. 2022;14(23):4964. 10. Asati V, Bharti SK, Rathore A, Mahapatra DK. SWFB and GA strategies for variable selection in QSAR studies for the validation of thiazolidine-2, 4-dione derivatives as promising antitumor candidates. Indian J. Pharm. Educ. Res. 2017;51(3):436-51. 11. Pandey R, Dubey I, Ahmad I, Mahapatra DK, Patel H, Kumar P. In-Silico Study of Some Dexamethasone Analogs and Derivatives against SARS-CoV-2 Target: A Cost-Effective Alternative to Remdesivir for Various COVID Phases. Curr. Chin. Sci. (Bioinformatics). 2022;2(4):294-309. 12. Singh RK, Mishra AK, Kumar P, Mahapatra DK. Molecular Docking and In Vivo Screening of Some Bioactive Phenoxyacetanilide Derivatives as Potent Non-Steroidal AntiInflammatory Drugs. Int. J. Curr. Res. Rev. 2021;13(10):189. 13. Zehra A, Nisha R, Kumar A, Nandan D, Ahmad I, Mahapatra DK, Patel H, Maity B, Kumar P. Computational Approaches Molecular Docking and MD Simulation Establishes the Potential COVID-19 Main Protease Inhibitors from Natural Products. Curr. Chin. Sci. (Bioinformatics). 2024;4(2):114-34. 14. Joseph TM, Mahapatra DK. Exploration of two natural inhibitors for treating COVID-19 from simple natural products: nature probably has all the Solutions. J. Public Health Sanit. 2020;1(1):17-24. 15. Dadure KM, GM Haldar A, Kar Mahapatra D. Molecular Docking Study of Substituted Chalcone Compounds as Potential Cyclin-Dependent Protein Kinase 2 (Cdk-2) Inhibitors. Adv. Mater. Proceed. 2020; 5(4):1-3. 16. Mahapatra DK, Dadure KM, Haldar AG. In silico Computation of Theoretical Physicochemical Properties and Pharmacokinetic Profiles of Some Novel Substituted Amodiaquine Based Compounds. Int. J. Cheminformat. Res. 2020;6(2):9-16. 17. Singh RK, Mishra AK, Kumar P, Mahapatra DK. Molecular Docking and In Vivo Screening of Some Bioactive Phenoxyacetanilide Derivatives as Potent Non-Steroidal AntiInflammatory Drugs. Int J Cur Res Rev. 2021;13(10):189-96.

Radiance Research AcademyInternational Journal of Current Research and Review2231-21960975-5241EnglishN2023November10Pharmaceutical SciencesFocused Insights Into Emerging Pyrimidine Molecules with Multifarious Anti-Infective Perspectives     English0613Jyoti MaitryEnglish Suman UraihaEnglish Lata Patel ChoudharyEnglish Yogesh PounikarEnglishMs. Jyoti Maitry, Post Graduate Student, Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, J. K. College of Pharmacy, Bilaspur 495550, Chhattisgarh, India https://doi.org/10.31782/IJMPS.2023.131102Over the past 60 years, pyrimidines have grown in importance as a fundamental structural component of many therapeutic compounds. This article reviews the recent anti-infective (antibacterial, antifungal, and antiviral) activities where pyrimidines have played a significant role in drug discovery. In addition to presenting the medicinal agents’ synthesis, the essay emphasizes the significance of the biological target in relation to the illness model. Furthermore covered are the pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics, biological potency, and ADME characteristics. This survey aims to illustrate the medicinal chemistry features of pyrimidine as a bioisostere for phenyl and other aromatic π systems, as well as the efficacy and affinity of pyrimidine-based medicines. The purpose of this article is to may help researchers who are thinking about using the pyrimidine scaffold as chemotype in future therapeutic candidates to treat diseases that were thought to be incurable. English Pyrimidine, Inhibitors, Synthesis, Antibacterial, Antifungal, Antiviralhttp://ijcrr.com/abstract.php?article_id=240http://ijcrr.com/article_html.php?did=2401. Kumar S, Narasimhan B. Therapeutic potential of heterocyclic pyrimidine scaffolds. Chem. Cent. J. 2018; 12:1–29. 2. Nadar S, Khan T. Pyrimidine: An elite heterocyclic leitmotif in drug discovery and biological activity. Chem. Biol. Drug. Des. 2022; 100:818–842. 3. 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