Radiance Research AcademyInternational Journal of Current Research and Review2231-21960975-52410303EnglishN2012November30HealthcareISOLATED COCK PREPARATIONS: ECONOMICAL AND EFFECTIVE ALTERNATIVE IN INDIA FOR UNDERGRADUATE IN-VITRO PHARMACOLOGY English0106Kharjul Mangesh D.English Kharjul Ashwini M.EnglishIt is irrational to sacrifice large animals like cat, dog for requirement of one or two tissues. Pharmaceutical Undergraduate curriculum in India continues to follow an archaic syllabus set up decades ago, which has not kept pace with the technological progress. We can use isolated preparations obtained from cock, as this can be abundantly available in nearby slaughter house (almost free of cost). In the current study, Dose response curve (DRC) to acetylcholine (ACh) was obtained using isolated cock colon & concentration of the unknown was found by interpolation method. Same study procedure repeated for isolated cock tracheal chain using Histamine as agonist. Results obtained with isolated cock colon & tracheal chain preparation was promising and satisfactory. Cock colon can be used for studying potentiating effect of ACh by neostigmine, comparison of activities of different cholinergic agonists, three point/four point bioassay, determination of pA2 value. Cock tracheal chain can be used for bioassay of histamine, broncho-constriction and broncho- dilating activities. There is need to carry further research on isolated cock preparations to place them permanently under experimental in-vitro pharmacology. Englishcock colon, tracheal chain, in-vitro pharmacology, bioassayhttp://ijcrr.com/abstract.php?article_id=9http://ijcrr.com/article_html.php?did=9

Radiance Research AcademyInternational Journal of Current Research and Review2231-21960975-52410303EnglishN2012November30HealthcareEFFECT OF KETOROLAC ON OPIOID INDUCED ANTINOCICEPTION IN RATS English0713Banode S.V.English Borkar A.S.English Badwaik R.T.EnglishObjective: To explore the antinociceptive effects of combination of ketorolac with different opioids in central and visceral nociception. Methods: Tail flick method and writhing method were used as animal models of central and visceral nociception, respectively. Results: Coadministration of subeffective doses of combination of ketorolac (10mg/kg) with different opioids (morphine 1.5mg/kg, pethidine 10mg/kg, fentanyl 20µg/kg, buprenorphine 0.05mg/kg, and tramadol 10mg/kg) increased pain threshold (percentage analgesia) in tail flick method and decreased the number of writhes (increased percentage inhibition) in writhing method significantly. Ketorolac fentanyl combination in subeffective doses was more effective in enhancing the pain threshold, producing highly significant antinociceptive effect (93.33% analgesia) in tail flick method whereas the combination of subeffective doses of ketorolac and tramadol produced highly significant effect (88.99% inhibition) in writhing method. Conclusion: The present study suggests that coadministration of ketorolac with fentanyl produces the maximum analgesia in central pain model whereas ketorolac tramadol combination is more effective in visceral pain. In clinical practice this would allow use of combination for effective analgesia according to the type of pain. English ketorolac, opioid, tail flick, writhinghttp://ijcrr.com/abstract.php?article_id=22http://ijcrr.com/article_html.php?did=22

Radiance Research AcademyInternational Journal of Current Research and Review2231-21960975-52410303EnglishN2012November30HealthcareASSESSMENT AND EVALUATION OF THE STRENGTH OF ASSOCIATION BETWEEN IMPAIRMENT / DISABILITY AND SOCIAL FACTORS ALONG WITH DIFFERENCE DUE TO GENDER INEQUALITY IN LEPROSY AFFECTED PEOPLE LIVING AT LEPROSY COLONIES, BIJAPUR CITY, KARNATAKA English2034Vinod S. KambleEnglish Aparna Y. TakpereEnglish Mallikarjun K. BiradarEnglish Santosh M. BiradarEnglish Vijaya SorganviEnglishEnglishimpairment, social isolation, dependence, stigma, contacts.http://ijcrr.com/abstract.php?article_id=39http://ijcrr.com/article_html.php?did=39

Radiance Research AcademyInternational Journal of Current Research and Review2231-21960975-52410303EnglishN2012November30HealthcareSTUDY OF VARIANT CONNECTIONS OF MEDIAN NERVE WITH MUSCULOCUTANEOUS NERVE English3543Sharadkumar Pralhad SawantEnglish Shaguphta T. ShaikhEnglish Rakhi M. MoreEnglishAim: Study of variant connections of median nerve with musculocutaneous nerve. Materials and Methods : 100 upper limbs of 50 donated embalmed cadavers (45 males & 5 females) of age group ranging from 70 to 80 years were studied in the department of Anatomy at K. J. Somaiya Medical College, Sion, Mumbai, INDIA, the variant connections between the median nerve and the musculocutaneous nerve were observed. The finding was noted after thorough and meticulous dissection of the upper limbs of both sides. The arterial pattern in the arm was also observed. The photographs of the communication were taken for proper documentation. Observations: Out of 100 specimens the variant connections between the median nerve and the musculocutaneous nerve were found in 30 specimens i.e. 30% of the total specimens. Out of 30 specimens, 4 specimens showed the median nerve getting the communicating branch from the musculocutaneous nerve, 6 specimens showed the formation of the median nerve by medial and lateral roots in the middle of the arm; 12 specimens showed that the musculocutaneous nerve traveled some distance with the median nerve and then it got separated from the median nerve, the remaining 8 specimens showed that all the muscles of the front of the arm were supplied by the median nerve. The musculocutaneous nerve was absent. There was no associated arterial variations seen in any of the specimens. Conclusion: The presence of such type of variations are clinically important for surgeons, orthopaedicians and anaesthetist performing pain management therapies on the upper limb. These variations are compared with the earlier data & it is concluded that variations in branching pattern of cords of brachial plexus are a rule rather than exception. EnglishBrachial plexus, Brachial Artery, Median Nerve, variant connections, Musculocutaneous nerve, Communicating branch, Pain Management Therapies.http://ijcrr.com/abstract.php?article_id=50http://ijcrr.com/article_html.php?did=50