Radiance Research AcademyInternational Journal of Current Research and Review2231-21960975-52410302EnglishN2012October31HealthcareEFFECT OF KETAMINE ON SEIZURE ACTIVITY AND ITS INTERACTIONS WITH ANTIEPILEPTIC DRUGS IN RATS English0108Dashputra A. VEnglish Borkar A. SEnglish Hemnani T. J English Badwaik R. TEnglishIntroduction: There is controversy regarding use of ketamine as general anesthetic agent in patients of epilepsy. Both pro and antiepileptic effect has been documented in clinical practice. It has been shown that ketamine minimizes seizure-induced brain damage. Its combination with antiepileptic drugs also prevents degeneration of thalamic neurons induced by focal cortical seizures. It was therefore decided to explore the effect of ketamine on seizure activity and its interactions with antiepileptic drugs in rats. Methods: The effect was assessed by methods of supramaximal electroshock seizures and chemoshock (pentylenetetrazol) seizures. Results: In present study, ketamine showed protection against electroshock seizures whereas, it enhanced chemoshock seizures. Combined treatment of ketamine with antiepileptic drugs exerted a much stronger protective effect against electroshock seizures than either drug alone. Protective effect was significant when ketamine was combined with sodium valproate (pEnglishantiepileptic drugs, chemoshock, electroshock, ketamine.http://ijcrr.com/abstract.php?article_id=14http://ijcrr.com/article_html.php?did=14

Radiance Research AcademyInternational Journal of Current Research and Review2231-21960975-52410302EnglishN2012October31HealthcareTHE STUDY OF ADVERSE DRUG REACTIONS (ADR’S) IN HIV PATIENTS TAKING HIGHLY ACTIVE ANTIRETROVIRAL THERAPY IN ART CENTRE, NCH, SURAT, INDIA English0918B. DivakarEnglish S. D. MistryEnglish N. D. KanthariaEnglish MamtaraniEnglishGlobally, there were an estimated 33 million [30.3 million— 36.1 million] people living with HIV in 2007(1). The introduction of highly active antiretroviral therapy has led to a significant reduction in AIDS-related morbidity and mortality.(3,4,5) Objective : To know the incidence and pattern of adverse drug reactions associated with antiretroviral therapy in our setup, we have planned this study in Anti Retroviral Therapy Centre with 400 patients taking antiretroviral therapy. Methodology: This is a continuous, longitudinal, prospective follow up study of 400 patients conducted in a single centre, ART Centre, Surat. A pretested semi-structured questionnaire was used. Pilot study was done in the months of April and May 2007. Later required numbers of patients were recruited and followed up for minimum period of eight months for observing adverse reactions. Then causality assessment was done using Naranjo's scale and WHO – UMC probability scale. Information was collected about their clinical status, opportunistic infections, adherence to therapy and possible adverse effects in the previous month. Results: A total of 107 patients showed adverse drug reactions (ADR) due to antiretroviral therapy. Out of the different ADR’s, skin rashes (7.25%), anemia (6.5%) and nausea/vomiting (5.5%) were common as compared to other reactions. Analysis: The data was analysed with the help of Excel and EpiInfo software (version. 3.2). EnglishHIV-AIDS, Antiretroviral therapy, ADRhttp://ijcrr.com/abstract.php?article_id=25http://ijcrr.com/article_html.php?did=25